Izraelis, tai tolima, bet kartu ir artima šalis, kurios patirtis, ypač karinė, labai aktuali Lietuvai. Todėl manau labai svarbu plačiau sužinoti, pasimokyti ir perimti patirtį iš Izraelio, mažos šalies, turinčios vieną galingiausių kariuomenių ir turinčios vieną pažangiausių karinių pramonių. Izraelis ne kartą įrodė, kad turint net ribotus resursus, įmanoma ne tik atsilaikyti prieš galingesnį priešą, bet ir jį nugalėti. Ši patirtis dabar mums aktuali kaip niekad.
Announcement
Collapse
No announcement yet.
Izraelio ginkluotosios pajėgos / Tzahal
Collapse
X
-
Izraelio ginkluotosios pajėgos: Hebrew: צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל
Tsva ha-Hagana le-Yisra'el, reiškia Izraelio gynybinės pajėgos, dar sutrumpintai vadinama Tzahal (צה״ל).
Izraelio ginkluotųjų pajėgų emblema:
Izraelio ginkluotųjų pajėgų vėliava:
Izraelio ginkluotosios pajėgos Tzahal, buvo įkurtos 1948 m. gegužės 26 d. paskelbus įsaką laikinajai vyriausybei, vadovaujamos Davido Ben Guriono.
Izraelio ginkluotųjų pajėgų struktūrą sudaro trys karinių pajėgų rūšys: sausumos pajėgos, karinės oro pajėgos ir karinės jūrų pajėgos.
Sausumos pajėgose tarnauja 120,000 karių, ir kurios turi 3750 vnt. šarvuotos technikos.
Oro pajėgose tarnauja 35,000 karių, ir kurios turi 704 karo lėktuvų.
Kariniame jūrų laivyne tarnauja 6500 karių, ir kuriame yra 48 laivai ir 3 povandeniniai laivai.
Taip pat yra rezervinės pajėgos iš 445 000 žmonių.
Taip pat Izraelis turi branduolinį arsenalą, kurį sudaro apie 100 branduolinių galvučių.
Kas metai Izraelis gynybai skiria iki 9,5% nuo šalies BVP, kas sudaro apie 15 milijardų dolerių.
2015 m. duomenimis Izraelis gynybai skyrė 6,2% nuo BVP, kas sudarė 18,6 milijardų dolerių.Last edited by Robis; 31 January 2017, 17:43.
-
Izraelio sausumos pajėgos ginkluotos:
Lengvieji ginklai:
Jericho 941[4] Semi-Automatic Pistol 9×19mm Israel
Used by IDF and IDF Special Forces Glock 17[5] Semi-Automatic Pistol 9×19mm Austria
Used by IDF Special Forces Glock 19[6] Semi-Automatic Pistol 9×19mm Austria
Used by IDF Special Forces Browning Hi-Power[6] Semi-Automatic Pistol 9×19mm Belgium
Beretta M1951[4] Semi-Automatic Pistol 9×19mm Italy
Heckler & Koch P11[4] Underwater pistol 7.62×36mm Germany
IMI Uzi[7] Submachine Gun 9×19mm Israel
Uzi, Mini-Uzi, Micro-Uzi, and Uzi-Pro used. Ingram MAC-10[4] Submachine Gun 9×19mm United States
IWI X95[4] Submachine Gun and Bullpup Assault Rifle 9×19mm variant Israel
9x19mm suppressed variant used by IDF Special Forces Suppressed Ruger 10/22[6][8]
Semi-automatic rifle .22 LR United States
Adopted for non-lethal crowd control. IWI X95[4] Bullpup Assault Rifle / Carbine 5.56x45mm Israel
Compact version of the TAR-21. Standard Issue rifle since 2009 replacing the TAR-21. IWI Tavor TAR-21 [4] Assault Rifle 5.56×45mm Israel
Cut from service as of 2009 and replaced by the X95. M4 Carbine[4] Assault Rifle 5.56×45mm United States
Standard Issue Assault Rifle along with M16, CAR-15, and X95 M16A1[9] Assault Rifle 5.56×45mm United States
Standard Issue Assault Rifle along with the M4, CAR-15, and X95 CAR-15[6] Assault Rifle 5.56×45mm United States
Standard Issue Assault Rifle along with M4, M16A1, and X95 IMI Galil[4][7] Assault Rifle 5.56×45mm Israel
Used in limited numbers. Variants used are Galil AR and Galil SAR. Most Galil's have been replaced by the Galil ACE. IMI Micro Galil Assault Rifle 5.56×45mm Israel
Used in limited numbers. Highly compact version of the Galil. Most Galil's have been replaced by the Galil ACE. AKM[4][7][10] Assault Rifle 7.62×39mm Soviet Union
Captured from Arab armies over the course of the Arab-Israeli Conflict and used by Special Forces. AK-47[4][7][11] Assault Rifle 7.62×39mm Soviet Union
Captured from Arab armies over the course of the Arab-Israeli Conflict and used by Special Forces. M14[4] Battle Rifle 7.62×51mm United States
Used in limited numbers by the IDF. IMI Negev[4] Light Machine Gun 5.56×45mm and 7.62x51 Israel
Capable of firing semi-automatic or full-auto. the 5.56 variant features a unique dual feed system, it can accept 30 round STANAG magazines and an assault-box belt. M1919 Browning Medium Machine Gun .30-06 Springfield United States
FN MAG[12] General Purpose Machine Gun 7.62×51mm Belgium
Negev NG7 General Purpose Machine Gun 7.62×51mm Israel
Capable of semi-automatic or full-automatic fire. PKM[6] General Purpose Machine Gun 7.62×54mmR Soviet Union
Captured from Arab armies over the course of the Arab-Israeli Conflict and used by Special Forces. Browning M2[4] Heavy Machine Gun 12.7×99mm United States
Upgraded to M2HB-QCB Remington 870[6] Shotgun 12 Gauge United States
Mossberg 500 Shotgun 12 Gauge United States
Armsel Striker Revolving Shotgun 12 Gauge South Africa
Used for riot control SR-25[6] Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm United States
IMI Galatz Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm Israel
Sniper variant of the Galil M89SR[6] Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm Israel
M24[6] Sniper Rifle 7.62×51mm United States
HTR 2000 Sniper Rifle .338 Lapua United States
Barrett M82 Anti-materiel rifle 12.7×99mm United States
M26A2 Fragmentation Grenade n/a Israel
Based on the American M26 grenade IDF M48 Stun grenade n/a Israel
Based on the American M84 stun grenade
Komentuoti
-
Raketos ir granatsvaidžiai:
B-300 Shoulder-launched Rocket 82mm Israel
RPG-7 Shoulder-launched Rocket 85mm Soviet Union
Shipon Shoulder-launched Rocket 83mm Israel
M72 LAW Shoulder-launched Rocket 66mm United States
MATADOR Shoulder-launched Rocket 90mm Israel
Singapore
M79[4] Stand-alone Grenade Launcher 40mm United States
M203[4] Under-Barrel Grenade Launcher 40mm United States
Usually mounted under an M16, M4, CAR-15, or X95. Mounted on X95's with longer barrels and large trigger guard instead of the standard pistol grip gaurd. Mk 19[4] Automatic Grenade Launcher 40mm United States
Mk 47 Striker Automatic Grenade Launcher 40mm United States
Komentuoti
-
Prieštankinės raketos:
Spike Anti-Tank Missile Israel
BGM-71 TOW Anti-Tank Missile United States
LAHAT Anti-Tank Missile Israel
MAPATS Anti-Tank Missile Israel
Nimrod Long-range anti-tank missile Israel
M47 Dragon Anti-Tank Missile United States
Komentuoti
-
Pagrindiniai tankai:
Merkava Mark IV Main Battle Tank 660 Israel
In active service Merkava Mark III Main Battle Tank 780 Israel
In active service Merkava Mark II Main Battle Tank 580 Israel
Some in reserve [14] Merkava Mark I Main Battle Tank 250 Israel
Retired[14] Magach 7 Main Battle Tank 1060 United States
Israel
Retired from front line service, based on the American M60 Patton, still in use with reserve forces
Komentuoti
-
Vikšriniai šarvuočiai:
M113 Armored Personnel Carrier 6131 United States
Israel
IDF Achzarit Heavy Armored Personnel Carrier 215 Israel
Based on the T-54 Tank Nagmachon Heavy Armored Personnel Carrier N/A United Kingdom
Israel
Based on the Centurion Tank Nakpadon Heavy Armored Personnel Carrier N/A United Kingdom
Israel
Based on the Centurion Tank Nakpuma Heavy Combat Engineering/Armored Personnel Carrier N/A United Kingdom
Israel
Based on the Centurion Tank Namer Heavy Armored Personnel Carrier 120 Israel
531 planned to be in service by 2027. Based on the Merkava chassis.
Komentuoti
-
Šarvuoti automobiliai:
Wolf Armored Vehicle 300
IsraelAIL Storm Utility vehicle 700
IsraelHMMWV Utility vehicle 2,000+
United StatesMDT David Utility vehicle 400
United Kingdom
IsraelBased on the Land Rover Defender Plasan Sand Cat Utility Vehicle 79
Israel
Komentuoti
-
Kariniai sunkvežimiai:
AIL Abir 4×4 Truck N/A Israel
M35 8×12 Truck N/A United States
Unimog 437 Heavy Truck N/A Germany
HEMTT 8×8 Heavy Truck N/A United States
Komentuoti
-
Inžinierinės mašinos:
Puma Heavy Combat Engineering Vehicle N/A United Kingdom
Israel
Based on the Centurion Tank CAT D9 Combat Armored Bulldozer 175 United States
Israel
Bulldozer manufactured by Caterpillar Inc., military conversion and armor by Israel. M548 Alfa Cargo & Ammunition Carrier N/A United States
Israel
Based on the M113 M60 AVLB Armored Bridge Layer 10 United States
Nemmera Armored Recovery Vehicle N/A Israel
Based on the Merkava M88 Armored Recovery Vehicle 25 United States
Nagmapop Command & Surveillance vehicle N/A United Kingdom
Israel
Based on the Centurion Tank AIL Desert Raider Dune Buggy N/A Israel
VIPeR Unmanned Ground Vehicle N/A Israel
Guardium Unmanned Ground Vehicle N/A Israel
Black Thunder Unmanned Bulldozer N/A United States
Israel
Based on the Caterpillar D9[16]
Komentuoti
-
Artilerija:
M109 155mm Self-Propelled Howitzer 600 United States
Israel
Upgraded as the M109 Doher. Based on the M109A5. Replacement program initiated,[17]candidates include ATMOS 2000 and the Artillery Gun Module.[18] Soltam M-71 155mm Towed Howitzer 300 Israel
Soltam M-68 155mm Self-Propelled Howitzer 50 Israel
In reserve Pereh Guided Missile Carrier ? Israel
Declassified June 2015 M270 Multiple Rocket Launcher 48 United States
Cardom SP 120mm Self-Propelled Mortar 64 Israel
Soltam M-65 120mm Mortar 250 Israel
M113 Tamuz Missile Launching Vehicle N/A Israel
Spike Missiles launched from an M113 chassis[19] LAR-160 160mm Artillery Rocket Israel
Extended Range Artillery Rocket (EXTRA) Long-Range Artillery Rocket Israel
150 km range[20] LORA Ballistic Missile Israel
Komentuoti
-
Oro gynybos sistemos:
Machbet Air Defense Vehicle 400 United States
Israel
Based on the M163 VADS FIM-92 Stinger Shoulder-launched Surface-to-air missile 500 United States
FIM-43 Redeye Shoulder-launched Surface-to-air missile N/A United States
ZSU-23-4 Air Defense Vehicle 60[21] Soviet Union
Bofors L/70 40mm Anti-Aircraft Gun N/A Sweden
ZU-23-2 23mm Anti-Aircraft Gun N/A Soviet Union
TCM-20 20mm Anti-Aircraft Gun N/A France
Switzerland
Israel
Komentuoti
-
Karinės oro pajėgos:
Naikintuvai:
Boeing F-15 Eagle United States
air superiority fighter F-15A "Baz" {\displaystyle {\Bigg \}}} 52[22]
{\displaystyle {\Big \}}} 42[23]
16[24] F-15C "Baz" 17[24] F-15B "Baz" {\displaystyle {\Big \}}} 16[23]
6[24] F-15D "Baz" 11[24] Boeing F-15E Strike Eagle United States
strike fighter F-15I "Ra'am" 25[22] 25[23] 25[24] General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon United States
multirole fighter F-16A "Netz" {\displaystyle {\Big \}}} 107[22]
{\displaystyle {\Big \}}} 63[23][25]
77[24] F-16B "Netz" 16[24] F-16C "Barak" {\displaystyle {\Big \}}} 136[22]
77[23][25] 78[24] F-16D "Barak" 49[23][25] 49[24] F-16I "Sufa" 100[22] 99[23] 99[24]
Komentuoti
-
Mokomieji lėktuvai:
Grob G-120 Germany
trainer aircraft G-120AI "Snunit" 27[22] 17[23] 17[24] Beechcraft T-6 Texan II United States
trainer aircraft T-6A "Efroni" 19[22] 20[23] 20[24] McDonnell Douglas A-4 Skyhawk United States
ground attack / trainer A-4N, TA-4H/J "Ayit" 20[22] 20[26] 46[24] Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master Italy
transonic jet trainer M-346 "Lavi" 2 (30)[27]
Komentuoti
-
Transportiniai, aptarnavimo, žvalgybos ir jūrų patruliavimo lėktuvai:
Air Tractor AT-802 United States
aerial firefighting AT-802F 8[22] 7[23] 3[24] Beechcraft Bonanza United States
utility A-36 "Khofit" 22[22] – 22[24] Beechcraft Super King Air (C-12 Huron) United States
utility / transport / trainer B-200/T/CT "Tzofit" {\displaystyle {\Big \}}} 29[22]
{\displaystyle {\Big \}}} 29[23]
22[24] EW / ELINT / SIGINT RC-12D/K "Kookiya" 6[24] IAI SeaScan Israel
maritime patrol 1124N "Shahaf" 3[22] 3[23] 3[24] Gulfstream G550 United States
SEMA G500 "Nahshon-Shavit" 3[22] 3[23] 3[24] CAEW G550 "Nahshon-Eitam" 2[22] 2[23] 2[24] Lockheed C-130 Hercules United States
tactical transport C-130E "Qarnaf" {\displaystyle {\Big \}}} 12[22]
{\displaystyle {\Big \}}} 12[23]
5[24] C-130H "Qarnaf" 6[24] aerial refueling KC-130H "Qarnaf" 3[22] 4[23] 4[24] Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules United States
tactical transport C-130J "Shimshon" - 1 (4)[28] - Boeing 707 United States
heavy transport / EW 707 "Re'em" 8[22] 1[23] 3[24] aerial refueling KC-707 "Saknai" 5[22] 8[23] 7[24]
- Patinka 1
Komentuoti
Komentuoti